Values

Values
􀂾 Values are broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of action or outcomes.
􀂾 Values influence behavior and attitudes.
Basic convictions: “A specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable
to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence.”
– They contain a judgmental element in that they carry the individual’s idea of what is right,
good, or desirable.
– Value System -- a hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual’s values in terms of their
intensity.
Sources of values
– Parents.
– Friends.
– Teachers.
– Role models.
– External reference groups.
Types of values
– Terminal values.
• Preferences concerning the ends to be achieved.
– Instrumental values.
• Preferences for the means to be used in achieving desired ends.
Work Values
– Achievement (career advancement)
– Concern for others (compassionate behavior)
– Honesty (provision of accurate information)
– Fairness (impartiality)
The thoughts and feelings people have about work range from being broad and long-lasting attitudes about the nature
of work in general, called work values, to more specific thoughts and feelings about a current job or organization,
called work attitudes, to more moment-to-moment experiences, called work moods.
Work values are a worker’s personal convictions about expected outcomes work and behavior at work. Outcomes
might include a comfortable existence with family security, a sense of accomplishment and self-respect, or social
recognition, and an exciting lifestyle. Appropriate work behaviors at work include being ambitious, imaginative,
obedient, self-controlled, and respe